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Epithalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) based on the pineal peptide epithalamin, studied in preclinical models for effects on telomerase activity, circadian regulation, and aging biomarkers.
Epithalon (also spelled Epitalon) is a synthetic tetrapeptide with the sequence Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly. It was developed by Russian researchers, notably Vladimir Khavinson, as a defined-sequence analog of epithalamin, a peptide extract of the pineal gland.
Preclinical research has focused on its reported influence on telomerase expression, circadian and melatonin regulation, and various biomarkers of aging in cell-culture and rodent systems. It is among the most studied of the short "bioregulator" peptides in the Russian gerontology literature.
Epithalon is provided as a research reference peptide. It has not been approved for clinical use by major Western regulatory agencies, and claims about lifespan derive from animal and in vitro studies.
The most cited proposed mechanism is induction of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) activity, with in vitro reports describing telomere elongation in human somatic cell cultures exposed to the peptide. This has been proposed as a basis for its studied effects on cellular senescence.
Additional work describes epigenetic and gene-regulatory effects, including modulation of genes involved in melatonin synthesis and circadian rhythm, consistent with its origin as a pineal-derived peptide analog.
Khavinson and colleagues (2003) exposed cultures of human fetal fibroblasts to the AEDG peptide and reported induction of telomerase activity and elongation of telomeres, with an increase in the number of cell-population doublings compared with controls [1].
Anisimov and colleagues conducted long-term rodent studies administering epithalon-type peptides to aging mice and rats, using lifespan and spontaneous tumor incidence as endpoints, and reported effects on mean lifespan and tumor frequency at the doses studied in those cohorts [2].
Additional pineal-peptide studies in aged animals measured melatonin rhythm and circadian markers, reporting normalization of melatonin secretion patterns relative to untreated aged controls [3].
Combinations examined in the research literature. Descriptive only — not a recommendation to combine compounds.